It is known that Congenital Rubella Syndrome is characterized by a triad of symptoms. One of these being Cardiovascular Malformations, (CMV). In other words, problems with the heart.
There are many different CMVs. The most common form found in CRS patients is a Patent Ductus Arteriosus, also known as a PDA. This is when the ductus arteriosus, a blood vessel connecting the aorta and pulmonary artery doesn’t close after birth. The lungs of a fetus don’t function inside the womb. The ductus arteriosus therefore allows blood to bypass the lungs so that circulation can be completed.
If this doesn’t close after birth, it can cause a number of problems. These include: a cardiac shunt, where blood doesn’t flow in the normal circuit of the circulatory system. Cardiac arrhythmia, also known as an irregular heartbeat. Pulmonary hypertension, which is high blood pressure in the lungs. The heart can also become so damaged that it can lead to congestive heart faliure.
Symptoms of a PDA include:
Poor eating, which leads to poor growth.
Sweating when eating or crying.
Rapid breathing or shortness of breath.
Fatigue.
Fast heartbeat.
Treatment:
A PDA can close on its own. If a patient has difficulty breathing or has low oxygen levels, some kind of treatment is needed. It’s possible to administer IV medication within the first 14 days of life. This often relieves symptoms and helps the PDA close. For other patients, cardiac catheterization or surgical ligations may be necessary.
Another common CMV in CRS patients is Pulmonary Artery Stenosis. This is a narrowing of the Pulmonary Artery. The artery that carries blood to the lungs so that it can become oxygenated. This causes pressure in part of the heart to become raised, which is eventually damaging to the heart. Without enough oxygen in the blood, it’s also difficult for the rest of the body to function correctly.
Symptoms of Pulmonary Artery Stenosis are much the same as those of Patent Ductus Arteriosus. With Pulmonary Artery Stenosis, swelling in the feet, ankles, face and abdomen can also be present.
Surgery is usually required to treat this condition. Often there is an underlying cause which will also likely need treatment. A PDA and Pulmonary Artery Stenosis can be linked.
About this artical and the author:
This article was written by a Congenital Rubella Syndrome patient. Not a doctor. The information in the article was gathered from different sources on the internet such as Wikipedia, Mayo clinic and Cleveland clinic. The information may not be accurate and is not intended to replace advice from a doctor. If you think you or someone you know is suffering from a heart condition, please contact a medical professional immediately.
CRS Life 